Which nutrient deficiency can lead to low bone mineral density and decreased birthweight in a pregnant adolescent?

Calcium is essential for developing strong bones and is particularly critical during pregnancy, as the growing fetus requires adequate calcium for bone growth and development. During adolescence, when a young woman's body is still growing, the demand for calcium increases significantly. If there is a deficiency in calcium during this crucial period, it can lead to low bone mineral density, increasing the risk of osteoporosis later in life. Additionally, inadequate calcium intake during pregnancy can contribute to a lower birth weight of the infant, as the body may inadequately supply calcium to the developing fetus, which is vital for proper growth.

The role of calcium in maintaining optimal bone health and the development of the skeleton is well-documented, emphasizing the importance of sufficient intake throughout adolescence and pregnancy to prevent such adverse outcomes. This highlights the critical nature of ensuring that pregnant adolescents receive enough calcium to support both their health and the health of their developing child.