Which medication can lead to the development of diabetes insipidus?

Demeclocycline is the correct answer as it is known to have a role in causing a condition similar to diabetes insipidus, particularly in patients with certain types of kidney impairment. This effect occurs because demeclocycline inhibits the action of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on the kidneys, leading to a reduced ability to concentrate urine and resulting in the increased excretion of diluted urine, characteristic of diabetes insipidus.

In patients treated with demeclocycline, this mechanism can lead to a temporary form of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, which is not related to the hormonal issues usually seen with central diabetes insipidus, but rather to the kidney's response to ADH. This is important in clinical settings, especially in patients who may already be at risk due to underlying conditions.

The other medications listed do not have a recognized link to the development of diabetes insipidus in the same manner. While they may have various effects on the endocrine system or fluid balance, they do not typically lead to the inhibition of ADH's action on the kidneys as prominently as demeclocycline does.