Which hormone is involved in regulating intestinal calcium and phosphorous absorption?

Parathyroid hormone plays a crucial role in the regulation of calcium and phosphorus levels in the body, especially regarding intestinal absorption. When calcium levels in the blood drop, the parathyroid glands release this hormone, which then enhances the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the intestines by increasing the production of active vitamin D (calcitriol).

Additionally, parathyroid hormone stimulates the kidneys to conserve calcium and excrete phosphate, thus helping to maintain the balance of these critical minerals. This hormone's primary function is to increase blood calcium levels, making it essential for proper bone health and various physiological functions.

The other hormones listed do not directly regulate intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the same way. Insulin primarily manages glucose metabolism, thyroxine primarily regulates metabolism related to energy use rather than mineral absorption, and glucocorticoids are more involved in stress response and metabolism rather than direct mineral absorption regulation.