In which part of the nephron are glucose and amino acids primarily reabsorbed?

Glucose and amino acids are primarily reabsorbed in the proximal tubule of the nephron. This section is responsible for the reabsorption of approximately 65-70% of the filtered sodium and water, as well as nearly all of the glucose and amino acids. The proximal tubule has specialized transport mechanisms, including co-transporters that facilitate the active reabsorption of glucose and amino acids from the tubular fluid back into the bloodstream.

This is crucial for maintaining the body’s glucose levels, especially since glucose is an important source of energy for cells. The efficient reabsorption in the proximal tubule also prevents the loss of essential nutrients that would otherwise be excreted through urine. In contrast, other parts of the nephron, such as the distal tubule, Loop of Henle, or collecting duct, do not play a significant role in the reabsorption of glucose and amino acids; they are more involved in other functions like chloride and potassium balance, water reabsorption, and final adjustments in urine concentration.